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'''Cybercrime''' is the use of electronic communication for criminal activities.<ref>Loader, Brian D., and Douglas Thomas, eds. Cybercrime: Security and surveillance in the information age. Routledge, 2013.</ref> The concept of cybercrime depends upon the purpose of the term. Cybercrime almost always encompasses acts against the confidentiality, integrity, and availability of computer data or systems. More broadly, the term refers to computer/content-related acts for personal or
'''Cybercrime''' is the use of electronic communication for criminal activities.<ref>Loader, Brian D., and Douglas Thomas, eds. Cybercrime: Security and surveillance in the information age. Routledge, 2013.</ref> The concept of cybercrime depends upon the purpose of the term. Cybercrime almost always encompasses acts against the confidentiality, integrity, and availability of computer data or systems. More broadly, the term refers to computer/content-related acts for personal or
financial gain or harm.<ref>[https://www.unodc.org/documents/organized-crime/UNODC_CCPCJ_EG.4_2013/CYBERCRIME_STUDY_210213.pdf Comprehensive Study on Cybercrime, UNODC, 2013]</ref>
financial gain or harm.<ref>[https://www.unodc.org/documents/organized-crime/UNODC_CCPCJ_EG.4_2013/CYBERCRIME_STUDY_210213.pdf Comprehensive Study on Cybercrime, UNODC, 2013]</ref>
==History==
'''Proto-cybercrime: Phone Phreaking''' <br/>
In the 1970s, crimes were committed via telephone lines much like they are today via the Internet. The perpetrators, called "Phreakers," figured out that the U.S. telephone system functioned on the basis of tones. Notoriously, [[John Thomas Draper]], [[Steve Jobs]], and [[Steve Wozniak]] reverse-engineered and imitated the tones needed to route long-distance calls. The computerization of telecommunications led to the end of the phreaking era, and the culture shape-shifted into computer hacking.<ref>[https://goosevpn.com/blog/origin-cybercrime The Origin of Cybercrime, GooseVPN]</ref>
'''Hacking Becomes a Criminal Act''' <br/>
In 1982, [[Ian Murphy]], aka Captain Zap, became the first person to be found guilty of a cybercrime, after hacking AT&T and manipulating its internal clock to enable free calls during peak hours.<ref>[https://smartermsp.com/tech-time-warp-curious-cases-early-hackers/]</ref>
'''First [[DNS Abuse Responses|Governmental Response to DNS Misuse]]'''<br/>
On Nov. 2, 1988, [[Robert Tappan Morris]] released a worm that halted one-tenth of the Internet and led to the founding of the first Computer Emergency Response Team ([[CERT]]).<ref>[https://www.wired.com/2001/02/the-greatest-hacks-of-all-time/ The Greatest Hacks, Wired]</ref>
==2021 Cybercrime Reports==
==2021 Cybercrime Reports==
Current trends in cybercrime revolve around how the COVID-19 pandemic has shaped everyday work/home life and highlighted the importance of cyber networks in maintaining [[Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency|critical infrastructure]].
Current trends in cybercrime revolve around how the COVID-19 pandemic has shaped everyday work/home life and highlighted the importance of cyber networks in maintaining [[Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency|critical infrastructure]].